| C Language was developed by Dennis M. Ritchie between 1969 and 1973. | Java Language was developed by James Gosling in 1995. |
| C is a Procedural Programming Language. | Java is Object-Oriented language. |
| C is more procedure-oriented. | Java is more data-oriented. |
| C is a middle-level language due to binding of the space between machine level language and high-level languages. | Java is a high-level language due to translation of code into machine language using compiler or interpreter. |
| it (C) is a compiled language that is it converts the code into machine language so that it could be understood by the machine or system. | it (Java) is an Interpreted language that is in Java, the code is first transformed into bytecode and that bytecode is then executed by the JVM (Java Virtual Machine). |
| C generally breaks the code into the functions. | Java breaks the code into the Objects. |
| We can use C programming language for system programming as well as Application programming. | This is not the case in Java. |
| C does not contain the property called Inheritance because it does not support OOPS, which is very useful for code re-usability. Thus C is not suited when one has to relate the things according to the real world. | Java contains the property of Inheritance or OPPS (Object Oriented Programming Structure) which is very useful in code re-usability. |
| in C language, Memory allocation can be done by malloc Function | Memory allocation can be done by a new keyword in Java. |
| C is a low-level language. It has difficult interpretation for the user but it has a closer significance to the machine-level code. | Java is a high-level language because translation of code into machine language using compiler or interpreter. |
| In C language declaration of variables is at the beginning of the block. | In Java Language declare variables anywhere. |
| free is used for freeing the memory in C. | A compiler will free up the memory internally by calling the garbage collector. |
| C does not supports Threading. | Java supports the concept of threading. |
| C supports pointers. | Java does not supports pointers. |
| It is not portable. | It is portable. |
| Call by value and call by reference is supported in C. | It only supports a call by value. |
| C is platform dependent. | Java is a platform independent. |
| It supports user-based memory management. | It internally manages the memory. |
| C is not robust that is strict type checking does not takes place while compile and run time. | Java is robust. |
| Exception handling cannot be directly achieved in C and thus it lacks the maintenance of normal flow of the program. | Exception Handling is supported in Java. |
| It follows a top-down approach. | Java follows a bottom-up approach. |
| Overloading functionality is not supported by C. | Java supports method overloading which helps in code readability. |
| C supports Preprocessors. | Java does not support Preprocessors. |
| C does not supports OOPS concept. | Java supports OOPS concept. |
| Function Overloading is not supported by C. | Java supports method/function overloading, which helps in code readability. |
| C supports the storage classes. | Whereas Java does not suport the storage classes. |
| It has 32 keywords. | It has 50 keywords. |
| Go-to statements are supported in C language. | Java does not supports go-to statements. |
| Virtual keywords are supported by C. | Virtual keywords are not supported by Java. |
| Overloading functionality is not supported by C. | Java supports method overloading which helps in code readability. |
| Default members of C are public. | Default members of Java are private. |
| Data hiding is done by using static in C. | Data hiding is done by using private in Java. |
